Laminated tube.



S. NICEVVARNER. LAMINATED TUBE.

APPLICATION ILED MAK. 2l. 1913- Patented Da. 14k, MM5.

eras iraniana in;

EFWARD NKCEWARNER, OF CHICAGO, ILILINOXS.

LMENATED TUBE.

Specicatton of Letters Patent. Patitplmtdi Een, ifi/ii, f @litfiioApplication led March 21, 1913. 'serial No. 7655,92?.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that l, EDWARD S. Nice- WARNER, a citizen of the UnitedStates, and a resident of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State ofIllinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in LaminatedTubes, of which. the following is a specilication.

My invention relates in general to tubular structures and moreparticularly to conduit tubes for fluids and has special reference tocomposite or laminated tubes including an outer portion or shoe and aninner portion or lining.

Wihile tubes embodying my present invention are of a wide range ofutility and a number of diderent structures such astires, pipes, and thelike, may employ my invention to advantage, i find it of particularusefulness in connection with flexible hosel andv especially that typeof hose which is-commonly known as fire hose, this article ofmanufacture being desirably of great flexibility not only laterally inorder that it may be carried through tortuous passages, but alsolongitudinally in order that it may be stored in a small space when notin use, by winding it upon a reel, weaving it back and forth in aWagon-bed, or hanging it in coils from a rack.

in order that fire hose may occupy the minimum space when not in use, itis commonly manufactured so that it will collapse along predeterminedlines upon removal of the internal pressure, thus permitting itv to bestored flat, and since fire hose commonl y includes an outer portion orshoe of nondistensible cotton or linen fabric and an inner portion' orlining of relatively soft rubber, the inner portion or lininginvariably7 creases in a number of places upon collapsing and eventuallypresents fractures along the line of such creases, at the oppositedisposed bending points' formed to facilitate the collapse of the tube.Water entering these fractures, in cases where the rubber lining and theouter coating are united by the adhesive power of the rubber to secure alaminated fabric, tends either to leak through the hose, and to renderit impracticable if not substantially impossible to thoroughly dry outthe outer coating, with consequent-rotting out and eventual rupture ofthe outer coating and destruction of the hose, or to immediate burstingof the Outeicoatlng.

l am aware that it has heretofore been proposed to reinforce structuresof the present character by the employment of rubber insets or bythickening the rubber of the linlng adjacent the bending points of thehose, and also that it has been proposed to apply exteriorly of the hosecover-not the lining thereof-thick strips of fabric to formstrengthening or stiffening ribs in aid of the support of the hose. Suchstrips, however, do not prevent cracking of the lining, and are notincluded within the scope of my invention, since they are useless for mypresent purposes, because thickening of the rubber lining at the bendingoint, whether by increasing the diameter' et the sheet of liningmaterial or adding an auxiliary strip, prevents neither cracking of thelining nor seepage of water between the several sheets thereof, orbetween the lining and the cover, but aggravates such cracking uponflattening of the hose, because under such circumstances due to theadditional thickness greatly increasing the condensation of the innerperipheryY of the lining, thus squeezing out the natural moisturethereof, which causes it to dry out and set, and to crack upon inflationor expansion of the hose.; and exterior' strips, whether flexible orrigid, and of whatever nature, have no apparent effect in preventingsuch cracking, since they have no bearing on the lining.

The principal objects of my present invention are, therefore, to providean improved collapsible laminated tube characterized by the provision ofmeans for retarding and as far as possible preventing any creasing andconsequent fracture of the inner periphery thereof; the provision of alining for collapsible tubes having an improved reinforcement locatedadjacent the inner periphery thereof; together With such other objects.as may hereinafter appear. p

In attaining the stated objects and certain additional advantages to bebelowy disclosed, l have provided the structure shown in theaccompanying drawing, wherein- Figure 1 is a transverse sectional viewof a re hose embodying my present improvements 1n preferred form, thehose being titl shown in the distended position it assumes when subjectto yinternal pressure before Vulcanization; and Fig. 2 is a similar viewof the same hose, in the position it assumes on collapsing when thevinternal pressure is removed. ,u

Referring first to Fig. 1 of the drawing, it will be observed that Ihave indicated at 10 the outer casing or shoe of the hose, whichcomprises a suitable tubular fabr1c, and at 11 the inner coating orlining which is preferablybuilt up of a number of con# centricconvolutons of rubber, which may be conveniently attained by theemployment of a plurality of tubes as is indicated at 12, 13, 14 and 15,such tubes being arranged to be joined together and the structure thusformed to be forced into intimate contact with the member 10 by the wellknown heat and pressure process of vulcanization not necessary here todescribe. After the vulcanizing process the hose is preferably given aform in cross section such as is shown in y v Fig. 2, which it will atall timesassume upon 1 lining ll'to crease ,and fracturefadjacent' thecollapsing when the internal pressure of the stream of Water is removed,though this form disappears, of course, when the hose` is distended byWater pressure, since it then assumes the form shownin Fig.A 1'. '4 f Inorder to overcome'thel te. dency Aofthe bending points indicated at (Fig. 2)., I insert at or adjacent the" inner 'periphery of the! lining`11 longitudinally' disposed stripsof fabric 17e-17, which should extendthroughout the entire length ofthe hose. These strips should preferablylbe made of relatively thin and tough textile fabric of less `thicknessthan that ,of the',A cover, 10. The members 17--17 while theyfshouldcover the entire bending points 1616`may if desirable for generalreinforcement of the structure extend throughout the entire innerperiphery thereof, and While I find it convenient to place the strips17-417 between the two innermost convolutions, to-wit: between the tubes,12.` and 13, when manufac- V turing hose accordingto .the process abovedescribed, since this implacementenables me to readily hold thefmembers17-17 in predetermined position and especiallyy since it prevents suchstrips or any part thereof from. becomingfdislodged from the lining 11and thereby reducing the diameter of the hose or tending to choke thenozzle commonly used in connection therewith, it is not essential thatsuch strips be sunk beneath the inner periphery of the liningnll but maybe located at such periphery instead of adjacent thereto as shown.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent isi 1. A tubular structurecomprising an outer coating and an inner lining of rubber, the innerlining being provided adjacent its inner periphery with a longitudinallydisposed fiexible fabric reinforcement.

2. A tubular structure adapted to be collapsed comprising an outer coverlof fabric and an inner lining of rubber, the lining being providedadjacent its inner periphery with a longitudinally disposed fiexiblefabric reinforcement.

3. A tubular structure adapted to be collapsed comprising an outer coverof fabric, and an inner lining of rubber fixed in predetermined relationthereto, the said coating and lining being formed to bend at apredetermined point, and the inner lining being provided with alongitudinally disposed flexible fabric reinforcement adjacent the innerperiphery thereof and disposed upon said bending point.

4. A tubular structure adapted to be collapsed comprising an outer coverof fabric, and an inner lining of rubber fixed in predetermined relationthereto, the said coating and lining being formed to bend atpredetermined points, and the inner lining being provided with a pair ofsubstantially parallel flexible fabric reinforcements adjafcent theinner periphery thereof, one disposed upon each of said bending points.

5. A collapsible tubular structure comrising an outer cover of wovenflexible 3 abrio and an inner lining of rubber, the

lining being provided adjacent its inner periphery with a fiexiblefabric reinforcement of a thicknessless than that of said cover.

6. A collapsible tubular structure comprising an outer cover of wovenflexible fabric and an inner lining of rubber, the lining being providedadjacent its inner periphery with a flexible fabric reinforcementembedded in the inner periphery of the lining.

7. A collapsible i tubular structure comprising an outer cover or shoecomposed of warp and Woof fibrous cords Woven together and an innerlining composed'of a plurality of sheets of rubber fixed inpredetermined relation to each other and to said shoe, the said shoe andlining being formed to bend at predetermined points, and the innerlining being provided with a flexible fabric reinforcement adjacent theinner periphery thereof'and upon said bending points, said inner liningbeing of substantially the same thicknessat all points of its crosssection.

8. A collapsible tubular structure comprising an outer cover or shoecomposed of warp and Woof fibrous cords Woven together, and an innerlining composed of a plurality of sheets of rubber fixed inpredetermined relation to each other and to said shoe, the said shoe andlining being formed to bend at predetermined points, and the innerlining being provided with a pair of substan; tially parallel Hexiblefabric reinforcements adjacent the inner periphery vthereof, onedisposed upon each of said bending points, 5 and said inner lining beingof substantially the same thickness at all lpoints of its oross section.

ln testimony whereof have hereunto signed my name in the presence of thetwo subscribed witnesses.

EDWARD S. NICEWARNER. Witnesses: MARTHA k-VVEs'rlwnfrrn PAUIF CARPENTER.

